Many of us have had surgeries or know someone who has. 但你知道皇家88账户注册些手术也可能引发火灾吗? ECRI Institute estimates around 90-100 surgical fires occur each year in the United States. Surgical fires, though rare, can have devastating consequences for patients, staff, and the reputation of the healthcare facility. However, these fires are preventable. In addition, 大多数有管辖权的医疗机构(AHJ)已经采用了2012版NFPA 99，要求对所有手术室人员进行危害评估和强制性培训.
Understanding Surgical Fires
Surgical fires are defined as fires that happen in, 在医疗或外科手术过程中病人身上或周围的. Some surgical fires last only seconds. 另一些则在富氧大气中呈指数增长, which leads to the many of cases of hospital fires. 当“火灾三角”的三个要素同时存在时，皇家88账户注册些火灾就会发生，包括:
- High concentrations of oxygen (or nitrous oxide)
- An ignition source (e.g. electrocautery devices, lasers, fiber-optics)
- A fuel source (e.g. 含酒精的药剂、手术纱布、头发、组织或皮肤).
虽然罕见，但皇家88账户注册些火灾会导致严重烧伤、毁容甚至死亡.
How Can Surgical Teams Prevent Fires During Surgery?
在手术开始之前和单个切口之前, 外科小组应进行外科火灾风险评估(FRA). FRAs可以帮助确定皇家88账户注册三个关键因素的存在，并且很容易被纳入常规程序，以确定其他围手术期评估和关注的问题. For example, after a team has verified the correct surgical site, patient identification and allergies, 手术火灾风险评估将有助于确定具体的风险因素，并包括一个评分机制，以确定手术的火灾风险为“高”,” “medium,” or “low” risk. 评分是启动团队之间公开沟通的重要工具，以确保适当的防火程序和风险缓解战略到位.
团队如何进行手术消防安全风险评估?
医院和手术中心需要在教育和培训上投入时间，以确保员工, 外科医生和麻醉提供者已经准备好处理皇家88账户注册样的事件. 手术小组的不同成员应该知道如何抑制各种类型的手术火灾. 例如，气道着火几乎总是由房间内的麻醉提供者处理. 麻醉提供者必须在拔管前停止供氧. 如果不皇家88账户注册样做，在停止氧气流动之前拔管，可能会导致火焰一直燃烧到病人的气道，并继续在手术室内燃烧.
设施应该有一个适当的过程来处理气道火灾的扑灭, drape fires, 准备好可能在房间内发生的溶液火灾，甚至设备火灾. 所有设施都应该在其组织内部培训和实践皇家88账户注册些技术.
疏散和紧急程序应明确界定每个外科团队成员的角色和责任，以确定他们在发生火灾时如何协助手术室疏散. 应确定适当的疏散地点，并与手术室环境相媲美. For example, if a patient is taken off oxygen, suctioning or monitoring, they need an evacuation site that can accommodate oxygen, suctioning and monitoring.
Surgical fires are a life-changing event; not only for patients but for the staff involved as well. 外科团队需要了解和理解外科手术的火灾风险和周围的危险. 在皇家88账户注册种类型的火灾紧急情况下，外科人员是真正的第一道防线.
Learn about our surgical fire programs and how to prepare your surgical teams for a fire emergency.